International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology
The International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology (IJSCET) is a single-blind peer-reviewed journal of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. It publishes regular issues in June and December every year. IJSCET is a forum for the publication and dissemination of original research work related to the issues of sustainability, green technology, optimization, sustainable environment, strategic approach, biodiversity, ecological and economic development. The journal publishes a wide range of quality research and application articles. More details
Open access licenses Open Access is by licensing the content with a Creative Commons (CC) license. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
BIM-Based Quantity Takeoff for Stage-Based Payment in High-Rise Construction: A Semi-Automation Approach
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly used to support quantity takeoff (QTO), yet commercial BIM tools remain limited to whole-element quantification, preventing the extraction of staged or partial quantities required for progress-based payment under unit-price contracts. This limitation is particularly critical in high-rise reinforced concrete projects, where structural components are executed in multiple pours across distinct contractual stages. This study addresses this gap by developing and validating a semi-automated workflow that enables stage-based QTO through element segmentation, contract-aware parameterization, and parameter-filtered scheduling. Using a real high-rise residential building in Vietnam, the workflow was applied to restructure the design-phase model into a stage-aware quantity model in which each BIM element corresponds to a single payment unit. The results demonstrate that the workflow can systematically generate contract-aligned staged quantities for columns, beams, slabs, and walls with high traceability and minimal deviation from manual QTO. The findings highlight the importance of combining geometric restructuring and information enrichment to overcome BIM’s native whole-element logic. The study contributes a reproducible operational workflow suitable for developing BIM environments, offering a practical pathway for integrating BIM-derived staged quantities into progress-payment administration. Future work may further automate segmentation and integrate the workflow with 4D and reality-capture tools to enhance construction-phase verification.
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Construction Quality Monitoring with Deep Learning-Based Automated Concrete Crack Detection: A Comparative Study
Concrete cracking is a primary indicator of structural deterioration, yet traditional visual inspections are labor-intensive and subjective, limiting their effectiveness for large-scale monitoring. This study proposes an automated crack detection framework using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to address these challenges. Leveraging a balanced dataset of over 42,000 images, we conducted a systematic comparison of five transfer-learning models: VGG16, ResNet50, MobileNetV2, DenseNet121, and DenseNet201. Performance was evaluated across multiple metrics, including accuracy, F1-score, model size, and inference speed. The results identify DenseNet201 as the top performer, achieving a mean accuracy of 95.7% and an F1-score of 96.7%, driven by its superior stability across data partitions. Additionally, while MobileNetV2 offers a viable lightweight alternative for edge computing, DenseNet201 remains the most reliable architecture for high-precision quality monitoring tasks.
A Structured Review and Classification of Environmental Pollution Factors at High-Rise Construction Sites
Rapid urbanization and the rise of high-rise construction projects have intensified environmental challenges, making pollution control a critical concern for sustainable development. This study aims to systematically identify and classify pollution factors at high-rise construction sites, focusing on the Vietnamese context. A structured literature review was conducted, based on 125 publications retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. After screening for relevance and quality, 32 studies were selected for detailed content analysis and frequency analysis of pollution factors. Findings show two categories of factors: direct factors, including construction processes, machinery, equipment, and transportation, and on-site human activities; and indirect factors, encompassing management and people, material management, and environmental and external factors across four pollution categories: air, noise, water and solid waste. A frequency matrix was developed to map how often each factor was linked to different pollution types. Key hotspots identified include material and waste haulage (34.4%), earthworks (31.3%), and machinery operation (31.3%), which collectively dominate air and noise pollution across the reviewed studies. Construction wastewater and runoff (21.9%) are the leading contributors to water pollution. In contrast, design errors (25%) and weak workforce skills (21.9%) were the dominant drivers of solid waste. Based on these results, three strategic directions are proposed: (i) source control and immediate mitigation for mechanized activities and point-source discharges; (ii) upstream prevention through improved design, planning, and material management; and (iii) enhancement of human resources and stakeholder environmental awareness. The study identifies the pollution factors associated with construction activities and emphasizes the necessity for integrated strategies to ensure sustainable urban growth.
Flood-Adaptive Planning Model for Mid-River Islands in Hanoi Based on Green Corridor and BGI Theory
Mid-river islands in the Red River hold significant ecological and cultural value but remain poorly integrated into Hanoi’s green infrastructure. This study addresses the gap by examining the current conditions of the largest mid-river island and proposing a flood-adaptive development model grounded in the Green Corridor framework. The methodology combines policy review, hydrological and elevation analysis using long-term official datasets, spatial assessment of morphological change, field surveys, and SWOT evaluation. Results indicate a trend toward greater geomorphological stability alongside major management challenges. Five thematic park zones are proposed using modular, non-permanent, and flood-resilient structures compliant with the Law on Dikes, contributing a scientifically grounded model for sustainable river-corridor planning.
A Complexity-Based Framework for Estimating Inspection Budgets for Transportation Infrastructure: The Case of Vietnam
Accurate and transparent estimation of inspection budgets is essential for maintaining the safety, functionality, and resilience of transportation infrastructure. In Vietnam, however, budgeting practices for bridge inspections remain constrained by outdated cost norms, inconsistent estimation methods, fragmented data systems, and limited adoption of risk-informed planning. This study develops a complexity-based framework that integrates international best practices with Vietnam’s legal and institutional context to improve inspection budget estimation. Using a mixed-methods approach—including legal and document review, comparative analysis, and validation through practical cases—the study proposes three key enhancements: (i) defining cost-driving factors within inspection terms of reference, (ii) improving cost data quality through strategic cost management initiatives, and (iii) matching estimation techniques to inspection complexity classes. The resulting framework provides a structured, scalable basis for more accurate and defensible budgeting. The findings offer actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners in Vietnam and other developing countries seeking to modernize inspection budgeting systems, strengthen resource allocation, and support long-term infrastructure sustainability.
Flood Risk Assessment in the Sungai Senggarang Catchment Using InfoWorks ICM
Flooding poses a significant threat to low-lying areas, affecting lives, infrastructure, and ecosystems, and is further intensified by climate change, urbanization, and extreme weather. This study investigates the Sungai Senggarang catchment in Batu Pahat, Johor, using InfoWorks Integrated Catchment Modelling (ICM), a hydrodynamic software that generates 2D floodplain models to develop flood maps. The area, known for its susceptibility to flooding, is predominantly low-lying and lies downstream of the region's waterways, making it crucial to understand flood behavior and associated risks. The flood map was developed by integrating a 3D ground model from GIS with hydrological and hydraulic parameters of the study area. Detailed survey data of Sungai Senggarang, together with historical rainfall records from the 2006/2007 major flood event, were used in the simulation. Flood maps were produced for both current (2016) and projected future (2030) land use scenarios, simulated using design storms with average recurrence intervals (ARIs) of 20, 50, and 100 years for a 6-hour critical storm. Results indicated increased runoff and flood impacts under future development scenarios. The software's effectiveness was validated by the close similarity between the simulated present-day 50-year ARI flood map and the historical 2006/2007 flood event. This study demonstrates that advanced flood modelling software can provide critical insights into the extent and severity of flooding under varying development and climate conditions, supporting the integration of hydrological, hydraulic, and topographic data for more effective flood risk management.
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Design Criteria for Modernized, Microclimate-Adaptive Rural Housing in the Red River Delta
Urbanization and the pursuit of modern lifestyles have profoundly reshaped functional demands and aesthetic aspirations in the rural Red River Delta. This study examines the potential for revitalizing rural housing typologies while preserving the cultural identity of traditional indigenous architecture, alongside adaptations that enhance both indoor and outdoor environmental performance. Employing validated ENVI-met CFD simulations and Ladybug + Honeybee building energy modelling, the results reveal negligible impacts on outdoor thermal comfort but a 20 % increase in energy use intensity (from 36.9 to 44.28 kBTU/ft²) caused by uncontrolled solar gain, despite significant gains in airtightness, daylight quality, and widespread occupant acceptance of the modernized design. The research proposes evidence-based design criteria that strategically hybridize retained vernacular elements with selective contemporary interventions. These guidelines pave the way for a new paradigm of indigenous contemporary architecture that successfully reconciles modern living comfort with restored climatic adaptability and enduring cultural authenticity.
Mobilizing Sustainable Investment for Vietnam’s Coastal Dike System: Determinants and Policy Solutions
Coastal infrastructure development, particularly through sustainable investment in dike systems, represents a critical measure for enhancing climate adaptation and protection in vulnerable regions. In Vietnam, which faces escalating threats from climate change and sea-level rise along its extensive coastline, the need to upgrade and maintain coastal dikes is urgent. However, significant deterioration of existing dikes, coupled with constrained state budget resources, presents major challenges to financing such infrastructure. This study aims to identify the determinants of investment demand for Vietnam’s coastal dike system and to propose policy solutions for mobilizing sustainable financing. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining exploratory quantitative analysis of data from 21 coastal provinces with qualitative SWOT assessment and international policy benchmarking. Findings reveal that the length of substandard dikes is the primary factor correlated with investment demand, while socio-economic indicators and typhoon frequency show weaker associations. Based on these results, the study develops an integrated six-pillar financing framework, emphasizing scientific capital allocation, a diversified financial ecosystem, transparent governance, innovative instruments, strategic international cooperation, and robust monitoring. The framework draws on lessons from countries such as Japan and the Netherlands, and proposes mechanisms including a dedicated coastal dike infrastructure fund, public-private partnerships, green financial instruments, and enhanced international cooperation. The study concludes that mobilizing diversified and timely resources is essential not only to address a projected adaptation financing gap of USD 6–12 billion for 2025–2030, but also to build long-term resilience, protect coastal communities, and support sustainable development in Vietnam.
Determinants of Public Investment in Green Hospital Buildings in Vietnam: An Integrated Theoretical Approach
Green Hospital Buildings (GHBs) are pivotal for achieving sustainable development goals in the construction sector, yet their adoption in developing economies, particularly in the public sector, remains modest. This study investigates the critical determinants of public investment decisions for GHBs in Vietnam. The research is grounded in an integrated Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, synthesized with the Resource-Based View (RBV), Resource Dependence Theory (RDT), and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. Data collected from 172 experts and managers in the Vietnamese healthcare and construction sectors were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that institutional drivers—specifically legal frameworks, supportive government policies, and institutional leadership/capacity—along with construction industry readiness and perceived advantages, are the primary propellants of GHB investment. Interestingly, perceived disadvantages and broad socio-economic conditions were not found to be statistically significant barriers. These findings suggest that fostering GHB development in emerging markets requires a strategic shift from mitigating perceived drawbacks to strengthening institutional mandates and supply chain capabilities.
Understanding Green Building Investment Intention Through Perceived Behavioral Control: Evidence from Vietnam
In response to growing demand for sustainable construction, green building investment is a key strategy for mitigating environmental impacts and achieving climate goals. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study reconceptualizes perceived behavioral control (PBC) into two dimensions: Investor Capacity and Experience (INV) and the Green Building Investment Environment (ENV), to explain investors’ intention to engage in green building projects in Vietnam. A structured questionnaire was distributed to professionals across three regions, yielding 116 valid responses. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), results show that both INV (β = 0.403) and ENV (β = 0.299) positively influence investment intention, with INV exerting a stronger effect. The adjusted R² for investment intention is 0.390, indicating that the included factors explain 39% of the variation in investors’ willingness to invest. Findings underscore the importance of investors’ technical, managerial, and financial capabilities, alongside a stable and supportive policy environment. The study advances TPB theory by disentangling PBC into actionable subcomponents and provides practical guidance for policymakers, including unified certification systems, streamlined financial incentives, and clearer regulatory frameworks for emerging economies.
Immersive Learning in Construction and Civil Engineering Education
Immersive learning has gained increasing attention in construction and civil engineering education as institutions confront the demands of Industry 4.0 and the learning preferences of Generation Z. Although virtual, augmented, mixed, and extended reality (VR/AR/MR/XR) technologies have demonstrated strong potential to enhance experiential, interactive, and scenario-based instruction, their adoption remains fragmented and underdeveloped - particularly in developing countries such as Vietnam. This study conducts a PRISMA-guided systematic review of 33 peer-reviewed publications to examine global applications of immersive learning in construction and civil engineering higher education. The findings reveal six dominant thematic domains: safety and hazard recognition, design and visualization, construction methods and procedures, project management and collaboration, robotics and equipment training, and energy and environmental simulation. Building on these themes, the study proposes the Immersive Learning Integration Framework for Construction and Civil Engineering Education (ILIF-CEE), which organizes immersive learning into five dimensions: learning objectives, technology types, interaction and immersion mechanisms, learning outcomes, and implementation enablers and barriers. The framework provides a structured foundation for integrating immersive tools into AEC curricula and for supporting institutional digital-transformation strategies. The study contributes consolidated evidence based on the reviewed publications, identifies critical challenges, and outlines practical implications for educators and policymakers seeking to adopt immersive learning.
construction and civil engineering education
Architecture, Engineering and Construction
Benchmarking the Implementation of Urban Tree Protection Legislative Provisions (TPLPs) for Construction Projects
Urban trees are highly susceptible to damage during construction activities, making effective urban Tree Protection Legislative Provisions (TPLPs) crucial for safeguarding environmental, social, and economic benefits in cities. In Malaysia, TPLPs embedded in the Town and Country Planning Act 1976 (Act 172) empower the local planning authorities (LPAs) to enforce requirements for tree protection. However, recurring incidences of unauthorised tree removal indicate shortcomings in implementation. This study benchmarks Malaysia’s TPLP implementation practices against those in Australia and the United Kingdom, where more established standards exist for protecting trees on development sites. A deductive thematic analysis of LPA websites and official documents from both countries was conducted to identify success factors, which were then mapped against four components in the existing Malaysian TPLP implementation framework: Publicity, Protected Tree List, Planning Permission Procedures, and Enforcement Plan. The benchmarking results revealed a set of perceived success factors that enhance the original framework and inform the proposal of potential Critical Success Factors (CSFs) tailored for the Malaysian context. These CSFs underscore the importance of raising stakeholder awareness, improving access to protected-tree information, strengthening procedural requirements within planning approvals, and reinforcing enforcement mechanisms. The revised framework provides strategic guidance for LPAs to improve governance and practical implementation of Act 172 for construction projects.
Realising the Information Requirements of Building Information Modelling for Facilities Management (BIM-FM)
This study presents a systematic review to identify the essential information requirements for implementing Facilities Management (FM)-enabled Building Information Modelling (BIM). Despite growing interest in BIM for FM applications, limited research has clearly defined the data needed to support operational activities. Guided by the PRISMA methodology, 27 studies from Scopus and Web of Science were analysed, resulting in the categorisation of information needs into geometrical and non-geometrical domains. Geometrical requirements focused on Level of Development (LOD) below 500, tailored according to task and asset type. Non-geometrical information was classified into four key themes; managerial, legal, technical, and commercial, comprising 15 detailed sub-themes. The findings offer a foundational framework for stakeholders to structure BIM data for FM integration, supporting more efficient facility operations and decision-making. The study concludes with recommendations for future research on practical implementation, qualitative insights, and standardised review approaches.
Integrating Technology for Construction Site Safety Management (CSSM) in Pakistan: Challenges and Ways Forward
Construction in Pakistan remains one of the most hazardous sectors globally, with persistent safety lapses and slow adoption of modern technologies. This study investigates the obstacles preventing effective integration of technology into Construction Site Safety Management (CSSM). Despite global progress in CSSM technologies like IoT, BIM, AR/VR, and AI, Pakistani construction sites largely depend on manual safety practices. This results in low efficiency and increased workplace hazards. The primary objective is to identify and major barriers to integrating technology in CSSM within Pakistan and propose practical, context-sensitive solutions for advancing safety protocols. Adopting a sequential explanatory design, the research began with a quantitative survey of Pakistani construction professionals to rank challenges in technology adoption. Following the survey, qualitative interviews were conducted with industry experts to delve deeper into these barriers and explore feasible solutions. Quantitative insights helped shape the qualitative discussions, leading to evidence-based recommendations. The results of the study identified key challenges to technology integration in CSSM, including costly setups, financial limitations, and a significant gap in research and development. Experts suggests potential solutions such as establishing public-private partnerships, initiating modular technological implementations, and setting up dedicated research centers to address these challenges. This finding provide effective recommendations for stakeholders in Pakistan’s construction industry to enhance safety practices through the strategic integration of technology. The proposed solutions offer a roadmap for overcoming financial and research-related challenges, thereby improving occupational safety standards mainly in the construction industry.
Sustainable Stabilization of Peat Soil Using Hydrated and Expanded Perlite
Peat soil, due to its weak engineering properties, poses significant challenges in geotechnical applications. This review critically examines the potential of using sustainable stabilizers, specifically hydrated lime (HL) and expanded perlite (EP), for peat soil stabilization. Studies published in 2020 - 2025, along with selected earlier works, were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness and performance in enhancing peat soil properties, particularly through Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests. Impressive UCS improvements were reported, such as a 13,553.2% increase with quarry dust (QD) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC). However, not all studies included microstructural analysis; those that did utilized Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) to observe bond formation and structural changes in stabilized peat. The review concludes that HL and EP show promise as sustainable alternatives for stabilizing peat, though challenges remain regarding their long-term performance and the potential benefits of combining both stabilizers. Further research is needed to optimize their dosage, durability, and environmental impact under field conditions.
Integrating TOE, TAM, and UTAUT to Analyze E-Bidding Effectiveness in Vietnam
This study develops an integrated conceptual framework to assess the effectiveness of electronic construction tendering (ECT) in Vietnam’s public procurement sector. Although ECT is legally mandated, implementation remains uneven, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To analyze this complexity, the framework combines three established models - Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) - capturing key dimensions such as infrastructure readiness, organizational capacity, institutional environment, and user behavior. Notably, the study redefines “attitude toward technology” as an organization’s adaptive capacity, rather than individual intention, to reflect Vietnam’s semi-coercive digital transition. The proposed model lays the groundwork for empirical testing and offers concrete policy directions, including subsidized training and mobile-based access for rural SMEs, integration incentives for larger firms, and legal reforms to stabilize the regulatory environment. These insights aim to inform more effective and inclusive digital transformation strategies in the construction sector.
Key Strategies Toward Sustainable Social Housing Stock Development in Vietnam
In response to its commitment to Sustainable Development Goal 11, the government of Vietnam has launched an ambitious national programme aiming to deliver one million social housing units for low-income groups and industrial park workers by 2030. While the quantitative target is clear, the qualitative dimensions of sustainability—covering economic, social, and environmental aspects—remain under-addressed. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of Vietnam’s social housing development, drawing on national data, regional case studies, and policy analyses. It systematically identifies 20 key barriers to sustainable social housing development, categorised under three pillars of sustainability, and evaluates their implications for practice and governance. In response, seven strategic directions are proposed, including financial incentives, regulatory reform, private sector engagement, and green technology adoption. The findings emphasise the need for a more integrated, inclusive, and adaptive housing strategy to close the gap between policy targets and implementation realities. This study contributes to the evolving discourse on affordable housing by aligning national efforts with global sustainability agendas, while offering practical insights for improving housing equity, resilience, and long-term viability in Vietnam.
Toward Net Zero Carbon Buildings Development in Vietnam: Fostering Sustainable Mindsets Among The Future Construction Workforce
Developing a sustainability mindset among future construction professionals is critical for advancing Net Zero Carbon Buildings (NZCB) in Vietnam. This study analyses 613 student survey responses using one-way and two-way ANOVA to examine differences in Sustainability awareness and Benefits, Motivation & Opportunities, and Barriers related to Sustainable mindset across academic years and majors. The results reveal significant gaps: early-year students demonstrate notably lower awareness than final-year students and former students. Similarly, students in Construction Management show less awareness compared to those in Architecture and Civil Engineering. However, significant differences in perceived Benefits, Motivation &amp; Opportunities, and Barriers were found only between early-year and more advanced students, rather than across majors. These findings highlight the importance of integrating sustainability education early in university curricula and tailoring it to specific professional tracks. The results provide a valuable evidence base for shaping policies and educational reforms to cultivate sustainability competencies among Vietnam’s future construction workforce, thereby supporting the national NZCB agenda.
Sustainable Development of Tay Ethnic Village Spaces in Tuyen Quang Province Through The Preservation and Utilization of Traditional Architectural Values
This study investigates the sustainable development of Tay ethnic village spaces in Tuyen Quang province, Vietnam, through the preservation and use of traditional architectural values. Indigenous architectural techniques - formed over many generations to adapt to natural, cultural and social conditions - are rapidly being lost due to urbanization, livelihood transformation and changing development pressures. The study used a multi-method approach, including literature review, field survey, expert consultation and community interviews, with a methodology emphasizing “community-based planning” to assess the current status of traditional architecture and community needs. Focusing on Tan Lap village in Tan Trao commune, the study identified the main architectural features, spatial configurations and socio-cultural functions of Tay stilt houses. Based on these findings, the study proposes sustainable spatial planning strategies that integrate traditional values ​​with contemporary needs to support cultural preservation, community-based tourism and sustainable rural development. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to protect ethnic heritage while promoting inclusive and adaptive rural planning.
Key Factors Influencing the Use of Coal Ash as Construction Material in Vietnam
The accumulation of ash and slag resulting from thermal power plants’s generation poses significant environmental risks to soil, water, and air. The Government of Vietnam has shown particular concern regarding the treatment and management of ash and slag produced by coal-fired power plants. In pursuit of sustainable development goals, the government aims for 80% of the total amount of ash and slag produced by these plants to be reused, recycled, or transfromed into raw materials for manufacturing, building materials, and landfilling while complying with environmental standards. Initial programs and support have been introduced to encourage investors and construction contractors to encourage the utilization of coal combustion ash and slag in construction applications. However, the widespread adoption of ash and slag utilization remains limited due to various challenges including technical, economic, and institutional challenges . This study examines the elements that affect the decision-making processes of construction contractors in Vietnam regarding the use of coal combustion ash and slag as construction materials. Based on prior studies, 18 influencing factors were identified and categorized into five groups. Data were collected from 42 construction contractors. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method was employed to assess the relative importance of these factors in influencing contractors’ decisions. The findings reveal that the most influential factors include: government support programs and policies; unit prices and technical-economic norms of ash and slag; physical properties of ash and slag; financial advantages of utilizing ash and slag as building materials in construction; environmental assurance; and technological innovation.
Evaluation and Selection of Tower Crane Stabilization Control Systems Using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach
This study applies the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) decision-making method to evaluate and select appropriate stabilization control systems (SCS) for retrofitting the KБ-235 tower crane. Recognizing the widespread use and inherent instability of legacy crane models under dynamic wind and load conditions, two SCS alternatives are compared: a Passive Stabilization Control System (PSCS) and an Active Stabilization Control System (ASCS). The evaluation incorporates both technical and operational factors, including responsiveness to load swing, wind resistance, installation complexity, maintenance, and system precision. Attributes of each alternative are assessed using expert-validated criteria, followed by the quantification of each system’s advantages (IoA). Cost versus IoA analysis reveals that although the ASCS demands higher investment, it delivers superior stability performance and safety outcomes, with an IoA approximately five times that of the PSCS. The method was validated using assumed values from industry literature and expert input. These findings support the integration of structured decision-making frameworks in construction engineering and provide practical insights for upgrading legacy lifting equipment in resource-constrained environments.
Sustainable Development Of Irrigation Infrastructure in Vietnam: A Theoretical Framework
Investing in the sustainable development of irrigation infrastructure is the best way to address the issue of climate change, which is still uncertain in Vietnam. A convenient sampling was conducted to gather relevant literature for analysis. 150 publications including journal articles, books, book chapters, conference papers and technical reports have been collected and analysed in this research study. The keywords found were visualised with VoSViewer. By integrating the keywords' shared interests, the publications can be arranged to three clusters based on keyword frequency: (1) sustainable development and investment; (2) irrigation infrastructure investment; and (3) irrigation infrastructure investment efficiency. The study confirms the need to examine the investment efficiency of these projects by providing a summary of previous research on the sustainable development of irrigation infrastructure. Subsequently, a theoretical framework is constructed on the efficacy of sustainable irrigation infrastructure development, which is influenced by nine key factors: (1) Natural conditions; (2) Institutions and policies; (3) Politics, socio-culture; (4) Economy; (5) Science and technology; (6) Human; (7) Management; (8) Project finance; (9) Operation. A future research on the sustainable development of irrigation infrastructure can focus on one or a combination of the factors. A holistic research study may need to address all of the factors.
Managing Urban Drainage Systems with Digital Twins: Global Insights and Applications in Vietnam
This study explores the transformative role of digital twin (DT) technologies in enhancing urban drainage system (UDS) management, with a dual focus on global applications and the evolving Vietnamese context. Drawing on six international case studies—Barcelona, Graz, Houston, Odense, Xi’an, and Austin—the research synthesizes best practices in real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and integrated infrastructure management. These benchmarks are then used to evaluate five Vietnamese cities—Hanoi, Da Nang, Hue, Son La, and Cao Bang—representing a cross-section of urban scales, geographic diversity, and digital maturity. Through a mixed-methods approach combining literature review, maturity modeling, and qualitative benchmarking, the study identifies current capabilities, challenges, and opportunities for each locality. Findings highlight the varied levels of digital readiness and underscore the need for tailored strategies addressing infrastructure gaps, data integration, and human resource capacity. The study concludes with city-specific recommendations and a proposed roadmap for advancing DT-enabled UDS management in Vietnam. These insights offer implications for public policy, smart city development, environmental resilience, and educational innovation in the context of rapid urbanization and climate change adaptation.
Infrastructure Engineering and Urban Environment
A New Approach for The Automation of Spatial Data Updates Using ArcGIS ModelBuilder for Provincial Planning in The Region of Nghe An, Vietnam
Timely updating of administrative boundaries in national spatial databases is a critical component of modern territorial management, especially in the context of administrative restructuring in many countries. Traditional updating methods in ArcGIS remain largely manual, involving multiple discrete steps that are time-consuming and error-prone. This study proposes a semi-automated spatial data updating model using ModelBuilder within the ArcGIS environment to streamline the process into a single workflow. A case study was conducted in Nghe An province, Vietnam, which is undergoing commune-level administrative mergers. The proposed model reduced processing time by 70% while maintaining spatial accuracy in compliance with the VN-2000 coordinate system and current technical standards. The study has processed a large amount of spatial data that was collected from 2010 to 2024 in Nghe An province, Vietnam. The model was further piloted in three additional provinces and a regional planning project involving 14 northern midland and mountainous provinces, demonstrating its scalability and potential for integration into national and subnational planning databases. This approach provides a replicable solution for other countries facing similar administrative restructuring, supporting efficient and accurate spatial data management. The model also directly supports the integrated provincial planning process for the 2021–2030 period and beyond.
A Quantitative Approach to Selecting SUDS for Flood Resilience in Can Tho City, Mekong Delta
This study develops a quantitative framework for selecting Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) to enhance flood resilience in an area formerly under Soc Trang City, now administratively designated as Phu Loi Ward, Soc Trang urban area of Can Tho City, Mekong Delta, a region vulnerable to urban inundation due to low elevations (1.5–1.6 m) and inadequate drainage infrastructure. This is the first framework of its kind applied in Can Tho or in secondary Mekong Delta cities, offering a novel, context-specific approach to flood-risk management. The framework integrates geospatial analysis using QGIS, runoff estimation via the SCS-CN method, and a multi-criteria SUDS Selection Score (SSS) evaluating flood mitigation performance, cost-effectiveness, feasibility, and co-benefits as urban cooling, cultural value. Applied to the Phan Boi Chau Street pilot, the framework assessed SUDS measures, including bio-swales, permeable pavements, and storage tanks. Results demonstrate significant runoff reduction and improved urban aesthetics, validated through stakeholder engagement with Khmer communities through site surveys. The framework’s replicability offers a scalable model for flood-prone cities in the Mekong Delta and beyond, supporting evidence-based, community-sensitive flood management planning.
An Evaluation of Vietnam’s Construction Investment Regulatory System Concerning Net-Zero Transition
Vietnam has committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, a target that necessitates transformative changes across all economic sectors, with the construction industry playing a pivotal role due to its significant carbon footprint. This study systematically evaluates Vietnam's current construction investment regulatory system to assess its readiness and effectiveness in promoting the national net-zero transition. Utilizing desk research and content analysis of relevant laws, decrees, circulars, and technical standards, the research applies the CETEx and OECD frameworks to identify regulatory strengths, weaknesses, and gaps. Findings reveal that while Vietnam has established a foundational legal framework and strategic policies (e.g., Decree 06/2022/ND-CP, Lotus Green Building Certification) for climate action, explicit and binding regulations for net-zero considerations, such as mandatory embodied carbon limits or project-level carbon budgets, are largely absent in investment and permitting processes. Enforcement remains fragmented, particularly at the subnational level, due to capacity deficits. A critical disconnect exists between regulatory mandates and financial incentives, with a notable absence of dedicated green finance instruments (e.g., green bonds, targeted subsidies) and integrated project pipelines to de-risk and scale low-carbon construction. Furthermore, stakeholder engagement lacks formalized, cross-sectoral coordination, and regulatory impact assessments do not consistently integrate climate-focused metrics. The study concludes that despite strong strategic alignment with net-zero ambitions, Vietnam's construction investment regulatory system faces significant operational hurdles. Recommendations include institutionalizing low-carbon mandates in investment approvals, establishing incentive-based green finance mechanisms, building local implementation capacity, creating an integrated green construction project pipeline and data platform, and strengthening adaptive governance with climate-sensitive regulatory impact assessments. These insights offer a roadmap for policymakers to transform Vietnam's construction sector into a proactive driver of its net-zero future.
Strategic Planning Behaviors and Their Effects on Public Construction Management Performance
Effective planning behaviors are critical to the success of public construction investment, particularly within institutional environments marked by regulatory complexity and fiscal constraints, yet prior research has largely overlooked the specific functional behaviors involved in planning processes for public sector infrastructure development. This study conceptualizes planning behaviors as a multidimensional construct and empirically examines their impact on management performance, identifying eight behavioral dimensions—ranging from guideline dissemination to capital allocation and project selection—through a survey of 136 experienced public sector professionals analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that Capital Allocation Planning (PL5) and Project Selection (PL6) significantly and positively influence management performance, while Capacity of Investment Balance (PL7) has a significant but negative effect; other behaviors, such as Planning Guidelines (PL1), Plan Consistency (PL4), and Execution Descriptions (PL8), lack direct effects but play crucial mediating roles through PL5 and PL6. These results highlight the differentiated impact of planning actions, emphasizing the need for a multi-level behavioral framework to enhance planning effectiveness, improve managerial practices, reform policies, and advance theoretical understanding of infrastructure governance in public investment.
Determinants of Social Housing Supply: An Empirical Assessment in the Context of Vietnam
The development of social housing to meet the residential needs of the population has consistently remained a strategic priority of the Vietnamese Government. As urbanization accelerates—evidenced by an urbanization rate of 44.3% reported by the Ministry of Construction—the demand for housing has increased substantially. Nevertheless, the expansion of the social housing supply has not kept pace, progressing at a notably sluggish rate. A critical issue emerges: although the Government of Vietnam has enacted a range of mechanisms and policies to support social housing development—including capital allocation and various investment incentives—the supply remains insufficient. Despite evident interest and willingness among investors to engage in this sector, the actual supply currently satisfies only approximately 20% of the prevailing demand. This study seeks to identify, analyze, and evaluate the principal factors constraining the supply of social housing in Vietnam. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach—including expert interviews, a survey of 120 respondents, and exploratory factor analysis—the study investigates 14 causal factors, including two newly proposed ones related to the capacity of construction enterprises. Among these, six factors were found to exert particularly strong influence. Based on these findings, the paper offers targeted policy recommendations to address legal, financial, and institutional barriers and to enhance the viability of the social housing market in Vietnam.
Association Between Green Rural Road Elements and Socioeconomic Development Indicators in Rural Areas
Sustainable development is defined as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations. In Malaysia, particularly in rural areas, the networks comprise the largest proportion of roads in the country, making efficient road development critical for economic progress. However, such development has significantly impacted the environment, contributing to substantial ecological disruption and affecting the quality of life in local communities throughout the road lifecycle. Therefore, the adoption of sustainable approach by implementing green elements in the development and operation of rural road infrastructure is the ideal way forward to concurrently meet economic, social and environmental needs. Accordingly, this study seeks to identify the green rural road elements that should be considered in the development of rural roads. It also investigates which green elements can potentially contribute to socioeconomic development in rural areas. A quantitative method was employed, using a questionnaire survey as the research instrument to determine the significant green rural road elements. Data collection was conducted using the census method, resulting in the return of 63 completed questionnaires. The data were analyses using Goodman Kruskal’s Gamma. The analysis revealed that seventeen (17) green rural road elements were statistically significant and showed a strong positive association with at least one of the socioeconomic development indicators studied. These proposed elements are expected to enhance stakeholder understanding and offer practical guidance for improving the sustainability of rural road infrastructure projects. Ultimately, this contributes not only to environmental conservation but also to the advancement of social and economic well-being in rural communities.
Civil Engineering - Sustainable Road Infrastructure
Green Building practices for sustainable construction
A BIM-IPD Integrated Framework For Reducing Disputes In Construction Projects In Egypt
Disputes remain a persistent challenge in Egyptian construction projects, due to traditional procurement approaches that hinder effective communication, coordination, and collaboration. As Egypt continues investing in mega construction projects, these issues are exacerbated despite the adoption of various management strategies. This study explores how incorporating Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) can enhance collaboration, transparency, and project coordination to mitigate disputes. A mixed-methods research approach incorporating literature review, case studies, and survey of large contractors in Egypt was employed to assess dispute causes, their impacts, and the role of IPD and BIM in reducing disputes. Findings indicate that time extensions and work delays are the primary dispute triggers, leading to project delays and cost overruns. Although BIM awareness is high (85%), only 48% of respondents are familiar with IPD, yet 94% recognize BIM’s role in supporting IPD, and 95% emphasize the need for an integrated framework. Case studies demonstrated that IPD significantly improves project performance and reduces disputes compared to traditional procurement methods, though design-bid-build remains the dominant contract type. The study also identifies significant organizational and legal challenges in implementing IPD and BIM, with a strong correlation between the two, while technological and legal challenges show a weaker connection. In response, a novel framework was developed to integrate BIM and IPD, addressing dispute causes and implementation barriers. This framework provides a structured approach outlining essential activities, tools, techniques, involved personnel, required resources, and implementation strategies, presenting an original synthesis that received limited attention in construction literature.
Disputes, Building Procurement, Integrated Project Delivery, Building Information Modelling, Construction Projects, Egypt.