ARIZAL MUJIBTAMALA NANDA IMRON; ZILVANHISNA EMKA FITRI; AZIZATUL MASHWAFAH; WAHYU MULDAYANI; SUMARDI. Improvement of Preprocessing for Spiral and Wave Handwriting Image Classification Using DenseNet-169. International Journal of Integrated Engineering, [S. l.], v. 17, n. 5, p. 363–375, 2025. Disponível em: https://penerbit.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/ijie/article/view/19791. Acesso em: 9 apr. 2026.