Cabaran Hafazan Al-Quran Menggunakan Kaedah Tarannum dalam Kalangan Pelajar Tahfiz

Challenges in Quranic Memorization via the Tarannum Approach Among Tahfiz Students

Abstract

Malay:

Kajian ini meneliti cabaran yang dihadapi oleh pelajar tahfiz dalam proses menghafaz al-Quran menggunakan tarannum. Tumpuan diberikan kepada faktor kognitif, emosi dan teknikal yang mempengaruhi keberkesanan hafazan dalam konteks sistem pendidikan tahfiz yang juga memberi penekanan kepada aliran akademik. Objektif kajian adalah mengenal pasti cabaran utama yang dihadapi pelajar, menilai peranan tarannum dalam membantu hafazan, serta mencadangkan strategi penambahbaikan untuk hafazan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen dan temu bual separa berstruktur bersama dua narasumber pelajar tahfiz. Data dianalisis secara tematik berlandaskan Teori Beban Kognitif dan Teori Penentuan Kendiri. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pelajar berdepan cabaran utama seperti kekangan masa, gangguan fokus, motivasi yang rendah serta keperluan latihan tambahan dalam penguasaan tarannum. Walaupun tarannum berfungsi sebagai alat bantu ingatan dan meningkatkan minat, namun ia juga menambah beban kognitif kerana pelajar perlu menguasai teknik suara, pernafasan dan irama di samping mengekalkan ketepatan bacaan. Selain itu, faktor dalaman; motivasi, konsistensi, dan emosi, serta faktor luaran; jadual akademik, pengaruh teknologi, suasana persekitaran adalah saling mempengaruhi keberkesanan hafazan. Kesimpulan kajian menunjukkan institusi tahfiz perlu menyediakan modul latihan tarannum berstruktur, sokongan psikologi, strategi pengurusan masa, serta integrasi tadabbur bagi memperkukuhkan keberkesanan hafazan. Kajian ini juga mengisi jurang literatur dengan menekankan peranan tarannum sebagai faktor tambahan yang mempengaruhi hafazan al-Quran, sekali gus membuka ruang untuk kajian masa depan mengenai integrasi tarannum dengan teknologi pembelajaran moden.

English:

This study examines the challenges faced by tahfiz students in the process of memorizing the Quran using tarannum. Focus is given to cognitive, emotional, and technical factors that influence the effectiveness of memorization in the context of the tahfiz education system, which also emphasizes academic streams. The objectives of the study are to identify the main challenges faced by students, assess the role of tarannum in aiding memorization, and suggest improvement strategies for memorization. This study uses a qualitative approach thru document analysis and semi-structured interviews with two tahfiz student informants. Data were analyzed thematically based on Cognitive Load Theory and Self-Determination Theory. The study findings indicate that students face major challenges such as time constraints, lack of focus, low motivation, and the need for additional training in mastering tarannum. Although tarannum serves as a memory aid and increases interest, it also adds cognitive load because students need to master vocal techniques, breathing, and rhythm in addition to maintaining reading accuracy. Additionally, internal factors such as motivation, consistency, and emotion, as well as external factors like academic schedule, technological influence, and environmental atmosphere, all interact to affect the effectiveness of memorization. The study's conclusion indicates that tahfiz institutions need to provide structured tarannum training modules, psychological support, time management strategies, and tadabbur integration to enhance the effectiveness of memorization. This study also fills a gap in the literature by emphasizing the role of tarannum as an additional factor influencing Quran memorization, thereby opening avenues for future research on integrating tarannum with modern learning technologies.