Faktor-faktor Keberkesanan Pengurusan Kualiti Menyeluruh (TQM) di Institusi TVET

Management Effectiveness Factors of Total Quality Management (TQM) in TVET Institutions

Abstract

Malay:

Pendidikan di Malaysia merupakan usaha berterusan untuk mengembangkan potensi individu secara menyeluruh dan berintegrasi. Artikel jurnal ini meneliti pelbagai faktor yang menyumbang kepada keberkesanan pengurusan dalam institusi Pendidikan dan Latihan Teknikal dan Vokasional (TVET). Kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada lima faktor utama iaitu pengukuran prestasi dan kualiti, pengurusan sumber manusia, pengurusan kewangan dan infrastruktur, kerjasama dengan industri, serta penggunaan teknologi. Dalam menilai aspek pengukuran prestasi dan kualiti, penyelidikan ini mengenal pasti pendekatan-pendekatan inovatif yang dapat mempertingkatkan proses pemantauan dan penilaian pencapaian institusi TVET. Pengurusan sumber manusia pula dianggap sebagai komponen penting, dengan penekanan terhadap strategi pembangunan tenaga kerja dan penilaian keberkesanan kemahiran sumber manusia yang dimiliki. TQM berfungsi sebagai rangka kerja strategik yang boleh meningkatkan kualiti, perkaitan dan keberkesanan program TVET dengan ketara. TQM menyediakan pendekatan holistik untuk mengurus kualiti pendidikan di institusi TVET dengan menekankan penambahbaikan berterusan, penglibatan pihak berkepentingan, pembuatan keputusan berasaskan data, dan minda berfokuskan pelanggan, yang semuanya penting untuk memenuhi piawaian industri dan keperluan pelajar. Pelaksanaan amalan TQM membantu menangani cabaran biasa dalam TVET, seperti kurikulum yang lapuk, had sumber dan ketidakselarasan dengan keperluan industri, dengan menggalakkan penilaian berterusan dan penyemakan program latihan. TQM memupuk kualiti kepimpinan seperti akauntabiliti, ketelusan, dan kerjasama di kalangan pemimpin dan kakitangan TVET, yang penting untuk mengekalkan latihan berkualiti tinggi dan memastikan graduan TVET dilengkapi dengan kemahiran yang berkaitan.

English:

Education in Malaysia is a continuous effort to develop individual potential in a comprehensive and integrated manner. This journal article examines various factors that contribute to the effectiveness of management in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions. This study focuses on five main factors, namely performance and quality measurement, human resource management, financial and infrastructure management, collaboration with industry, and the use of technology. In assessing the aspects of performance and quality measurement, this research identifies innovative approaches that can improve the monitoring and evaluation process of TVET institutions' achievements. Human resource management is also considered an important component, with emphasis on workforce development strategies and the evaluation of the effectiveness of human resource skills. Total Quality Management (TQM) serves as a strategic framework that can significantly enhance the quality, relevance, and effectiveness of TVET programs. TQM in education refers to a comprehensive management approach that focuses on continuous improvement of educational processes, products, and services. It emphasizes the involvement of all stakeholders such as administrators, teachers, students, and industry partners in establishing and maintaining high standards of quality. TQM provides a holistic approach to managing educational quality in TVET institutions by emphasizing continuous improvement, stakeholder engagement, data-driven decision-making, and a customer-focused mindset, which are all crucial for meeting industry standards and student needs. Implementation of TQM practices helps address common challenges in TVET, such as outdated curricula, resource limitations, and misalignment with industry requirements, by promoting constant evaluation and revision of training programs. TQM fosters leadership qualities like accountability, transparency, and collaboration among TVET leaders and staff, which are essential for sustaining high-quality training and ensuring that TVET graduates are equipped with relevant skills.