Pengurusan Kolaborasi Industri-Institusi dalam TVET

Management of Industry-Institution Collaboration in TVET

Abstract

Malay:

Kajian ini meneliti keberkesanan kolaborasi antara industri dan institusi TVET dalam meningkatkan kebolehpasaran graduan dan kualiti latihan vokasional melalui tinjauan sistematik terhadap 20 artikel (2020–2025). Tumpuan diberikan kepada tiga aspek utama: (1) faktor kejayaan, iaitu penyelarasan kurikulum dengan keperluan industri, tempoh latihan amali mencukupi dan jaringan industri strategik; (2) model inovatif, iaitu pendekatan hibrid (fizikal dan digital), platform berasaskan AI dan peranan NGO; serta (3) halangan sistemik, iaitu jurang budaya dan birokrasi. Dapatan menunjukkan insentif ekonomi, dialog berstruktur dan pembinaan kepercayaan sebagai pemangkin kerjasama. Kerangka 4P (Dasar, Amalan, Teknologi, Perkongsian) dicadangkan, termasuk cadangan penubuhan badan penyelaras kebangsaan, platform digital AI, modul literasi silang budaya dan insentif hijau bagi pihak industri. Pelaksanaan tepat dapat membina ekosistem TVET yang responsif kepada Revolusi Industri 4.0 dan sasaran pembangunan lestari.

English:

This study examines the effectiveness of industry and TVET institutions collaboration in enhancing graduate employability and vocational training quality through a systematic review of 20 articles (2020–2025). Three main areas are analyzed: (1) success factors, namely curriculum alignment with industry needs, adequate practicum duration and strategic industry networks; (2) innovative models, namely hybrid (physical and digital) approaches, AI-based platforms and the role of NGOs; and (3) systemic barriers, namely cultural gaps and bureaucratic challenges. Findings highlight economic incentives, structured dialogue and trust building as collaboration drivers. A 4P Framework (Policy, Practice, Platform, Partnership) is proposed, including recommendations such as a national coordinating body, an AI-driven digital platform, cross- cultural training modules and green incentives for industry. Proper implementation can create a responsive TVET ecosystem aligned with Industry 4.0 and sustainable development goals.