DC Motor Speed Control and Real-Time Evaluation using PID Controller

Abstract

The direct current (DC) motor is a crucial drive configuration used in a variety of applications, accommodating a wide range of power and speeds. Due to its adaptable characteristics, it is extensively applied in variable-speed drives. This project aims to regulate and evaluate the speed of a DC motor, a task of great importance in industrial settings where precise control and stability are essential for optimal performance. However, achieving precise speed control in DC motors while minimizing energy consumption and maintaining cost-effectiveness remains a significant challenge. The goal of this project is to develop PID controllers that can ensure efficient and accurate speed regulation of DC motors across various applications, including robotics, automation, and renewable energy systems. Specifically, this project will evaluate the speed control of a DC motor using a PID controller implemented in MATLAB-SIMULINK. The DC motor will be interfaced with MATLAB-SIMULINK through an Arduino Uno board, which serves as a low-cost data acquisition device. A Graphic User Interface (GUI) for the PID controller will be created in MATLAB to set the desired motor speed, which will then be transmitted to the DC motor via the Arduino Uno board and data will be obtained at 0.1ms sampling time. With the successful completion of this project simulation studies proved the effectiveness of PID controllers designed.