A Novel Study of Orifice Dimension and Hemodynamic Parameter Changes in Healthy and Stenotic Aortic Valve During Peak Systole

Abstract

This study examined the hemodynamics characteristic of normal and stenotic aortic valves through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS software. Two models were developed, a fully opened healthy valve (100% orifice) and a partially opened stenotic valve (50% orifice) that evaluated at peak systolic flow. The aim was to visualize blood flow patterns on the velocity, pressure, and statistical parameters including kurtosis, mean, standard deviation, and skewness along the aortic vessel near the valve region. Results show that the stenotic model exhibited a significant increase in peak velocity, reaching 6.09 m/s, compared to 1.50 m/s in the healthy model. It consistent with clinically observed values in severe aortic stenosis. A notable pressure drop was also observed across the stenotic valve that indicating increased flow resistance. This finding highlight how stenosis severity alters local hemodynamics and are relevant for identifying regions at risk of vascular damage. This study contributes to improved diagnostic strategies for aortic stenosis by linking valve orifice size to key hemodynamic risk indicators such as time-average wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and relative residence time (RRT).