Atmospheric Impairments and Mitigation Techniques for High-Frequency Earth-Space Communication System in Heavy Rain Region: A Brief Review

Abstract

This work surveys the atmospheric impairments that affect a satellite link operating in a high-frequency band, such as Ka and Q/V bands, particularly in heavy rain regions. The impacts of hydrometeors and cloud attenuation are emphasised and discussed along with the contribution of gases and scintillation to signal fade. Also, propagation impairment mitigation techniques are reviewed from the perspective of satellite operators in heavy rain areas.